The first three of these have only two forms, singular and pluralįor example, "my dog" is "mi perro" and "my dogs" is "mis perros." Possessive determiners are adjectives that are used to show ownership, such as "my" in "my dog." There are five possessive determiners in Spanish: ¿ Tú tienes un gato? - Do you have a cat?Ħ) Possessives Possessive Determiners Notice that all questions in Spanish begin with an upside down question mark ( ¿).Īccent marks can be really useful! In Spanish, a word might have a different meaning depending on whether it does or doesn't have an accent mark.įor example, when tú has an accent, it means you. ¿Tú tienes un perro? : Do you have a dog? You also use de when you're describing what type of food something is.Īs a general rule, in Spanish adjectives come after the noun they describe, e.g.Īsking questions in Spanish is easy! Just change the pronunciation of any statement to a question by lifting your voice at the end. In English, we might ask for a cup of coffee. Pay special attention to the sounds these letters make in Spanish.Ī simple way to ask for the check in Spanish is to say: La cuenta, por favor Meanwhile, es is used to describe the qualities of a person or thing.Įl taxi es amarillo. You also use está when you're talking about something that's only temporarily true.Įl hotel está cerrado. So what's the difference? If you want to say where someone or something is located, use está. Spanish pronunciation is easier than you think! In general, SpanishĪdiós -sounds the same as the a in - camaĮstá and es both mean is. In the afternoon or in the early evening.Ĭan mean both Good evening and Good night. Many Spanish greetings depend on the time of day. As an adverb negating a sentence, it always comes immediately before the verb. In Spanish, the most common negative word is "no". Present indicative (presente del indicativo): In English, "afternoon" comes before "evening," which in turn comes before "night." In Spanish there are only two words that cover these times of the day: "tarde" which means "afternoon," but overlaps with "evening," and "noche," which means "night" but also overlaps with "evening." Therefore, at 6:30pm it is ok to say either "buenas tardes" or "buenas noches."Įven though "buenos días" literally means "good days," it is used in the mornings to mean "good morning." For instance instead of saying "yo como arroz" (I eat rice), you can say "como arroz."Ģ) Common Phrases Tardes and Noches For example, for "comer," "I eat" is "yo como" and "you eat" is "tú comes."īecause the conjugations indicate who is doing the action, it is usually possible to omit the pronoun. In Spanish, the verb endings change in order to describe who is doing the action and when. Verb conjugation in Spanish is more complicated than in English. The decision of which form of "you" to use is regional and cultural, but you can typically use "usted" when referring to strangers. For instance, for the verb "comer" (to eat), it is "tú comes," "usted come," and "vos comés." The three pronouns are synonyms, but they change the way verbs are conjugated. "Usted" is the formal way of saying "you," and "vos" is used in informal speech in certain countries instead of "tú." "Tú," "usted" and "vos" are different ways of referring to the second person singular (you). However, "él" is a masculine pronoun (meaning "he" or "him") and "el" is a masculine article (meaning "the"). For example, "él" and "el" are homophones because they have the same pronunciation. For example, in "teléfono" (telephone), the second "e" has the most stress.Īccent marks are also used to distinguish homophones. One use of the accent mark is to indicate which syllable should be stressed in the pronunciation. Vowels in Spanish can have an accent mark, such as the "u" in "menú" (menu). "The apple" is "la manzana" and "a newspaper" is "un diario." The articles "el" and "un" are used with masculine nouns, and the articles "la" and "una" are used with feminine nouns. For example, "manzana" (apple) is feminine and "diario" (newspaper) is masculine. Usually, nouns that end with an "o" are masculine, and nouns that end with an "a" are feminine. In Spanish all nouns are masculine or feminine. 1) Basics 1 Masculine and Feminine Nouns 30 29) Verbs: Phrasal Future Tense (AKA Ir Future).27.3 Regular –er and –ir verbs are conjugated as follows:.27.2 Regular –ar verbs are conjugated as follows:.7.2 Long-form Possessive Adjectives and Pronouns.
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